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A general description is here.
Headers ‘R_ext/Applic.h’ and ‘R-ext/Linpack.h’ included ‘R_ext/BLAS.h’ although this was undocumented and unneeded by their documented entry points. They no longer do so.
[Deferred to 2023-09-18 to allows some packages to adjust.]
(In progress) A new ‘configure’ option ‘--with-newAccelerate’ makes use of Apple's ‘new’ BLAS / LAPACK interface in their Accelerate framework. That interface is only available in macOS 13.3 or later, and building requires SDK 14.3 or later (from the Command Line Tools or Xcode).
To avoid many compilation warnings you may need to use
CC="clang -mmacos-version-min=13.3"
That version of Accelerate provides LAPACK 3.9.1 rather than 3.2.1.
Currently Accelerate is used for BLAS calls from C in R and package stats and for LAPACK calls from the ‘lapack’ module.
Formatting and printing complex numbers could give things like ‘0.1683-0i’ because of rounding error: ‘-0i’ is now replaced by ‘+0i’.